ABSTRACT Background Infertility is a major medical condition that affects many married couples in Africa and the world at large, as such associated with several social meanings. This study therefore explored the causes of infertility amongst women of childbearing age in Nigeria using the West Region as a case study. Scope of study This study... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ............................................................................................................................. i DECLARATION PAGE..............................................................................................................ii CERTIFICATION PAGE BY... Continue Reading
Abstract Background: Previous reports showed lack of consensus on the possible etiology of coronary artery disease (CAD) between HIV-treatment with highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and HIV-infection in particular. The aim of this study was to find out correlations of HIV-treatment and HIV-infection with CAD risk. Method: One... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Peptic ulcer disease remains a relatively common disease and importantly a common cause of hospital admission both in developed and developing countries. Although most developed countries have achieved H. pylori eradication but still have new and recurrent cases which is attributed majorly to increase utilization of NSAIDs... Continue Reading
Background: Normal and abnormal development of anorectum is still under debate. Etiology of abnormal development of anorectum is poorly understood. Caffeine is a vasoconstrictor that has been implicated in abnormal anorectal development and is a major constituent of Kola nut (Cola nitida). It is consumed heavily by pregnant women in Nigeria to... Continue Reading
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW Rapid changes in demography and social and economic development play an important role in the emergence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) as a public health problem.1 The growing burden ... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Pregnancy is associated with significant physiologic and anatomic changes which occur at different rates throughout the body to provide a good upshot for both mother and foetus. This study aimed at determining the changes in the blood glucose levels in the three trimeers of pregnancy and assessing the changes in the urine constituents... Continue Reading
INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and the spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. Ginsberg, (2012). The most common symptoms are fever, headache, and neck stiffness (CDC. 2014). Other symptoms include confusion or altered consciousness, vomiting, and... Continue Reading
1.0. INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW OR BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Pre-eclampsia is defined as hypertension accompanied by proteinuria, usually occurs during the second half of pregnancy and causes complications in 20-80% of pregnancies. It is a hypertensive disorder occurring usually often 20 weeks of gestation. Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are not distinct... Continue Reading
Abstract : Background: About 33 million people are infected with HIV globally with records of the greater burden of the disease in low and middle income countries. In the face of increasing survival of HIV infected individuals some HIV patients develop certain complications arising due to the direct effect of the virus, drug related side effects,... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background: Antenatal care is an important aspect of preventive medicine directed at detecting and reducing the risk of complications among pregnant women. Clients' satisfaction indicates patients' judgement about the strengths and weaknesses of a health facility. It is a means of quality assessment in many areas of healthcare... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background Historically, medicinal plants have played an important role in healthcare maintenance as it been used by man to treat illnesses from ancient times and are one of the oldest means of disease treatment used by man. The primary aim of this study was to determine the prevalence, usage pattern and determinants of current herbal... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Introduction - The debilitating nature of nodding disease can have a significant socioeconomic impact of the individuals and families affected. A broad understanding of these sociodynamic effects is crucial for an integrated management of the disease. Objectives- General objective was to establish the social effects of Nodding syndrome... Continue Reading
Background : HIV is still one of the leading causes of Mortality in Sub-Saharan Africa, medical students are relatively inexperienced and therefore at higher risk of exposure and infection, awareness on PEP could highly reduce this risk. Objective : To assess Awareness, Attitudes and perception towards PEP among students in kampala... Continue Reading
The study was aimed at assessing the salient experiences and opportunities couples living in HIV-sero discordant go through. A qualitative phenomenological study design was employed. Purposive sample of 8 couples were interviewed and data collected was by in-depths interview. Data analysis was done using thematic content analysis. The... Continue Reading
This study was set to examine factors affecting adherence to ARVs among HIV/AIDS patients attending Kawolo Hospital HIV Clinic Buikwe District. Adherence is an indication of the degree to which patients follow advice regarding the long term treatment (Hsu, 2005).Adherence involves a mutual decision making process between the patient and the health... Continue Reading
AWARENESS, ATTITUDE, BELIEFS AND PRACTICES OF FAMILY PLANNING IN ISHAKA DIVISION. Family planning encompasses the different ways and methods people use to plan for their family size. It goes beyond birth control to refer to a variety of issues that influence their choice of family planning, including awareness, attitudes and beliefs towards family... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Introduction: Dyspepsia is relatively non-specific, and includes general abdominal discomfort, early satiety and bloating. Patients often ignore the condition and not present to clinic until more severe symptoms manifest, such as belching, heartburn, nausea, vomiting, and pain(Mahadvera , 2010). With a global prevalence of uninvestigated... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Abortion remains a major global health issue, approximately 44 million of the 210 million pregnancies that occur each year-end in induced abortion, and almost half of them(4.9%) are estimated to be unsafe. Unsafe abortion is highly prevalent in countries with restrictive abortion laws, particularly in sub-Saharan Africa and Latin America.... Continue Reading
A cross-sectional study was done to find out the availability of cervical cancer screening services in Bushenyi district covering Rugazi Health centre IV, Comboni hospital, Kitagata hospital and Kampala International University Teaching hospital. 200 respondents comprised of women of childbearing age (15-49 years) attending antenatal care and... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………………........................2 DECLARATION…………………………………………………………... .………………........................4... Continue Reading
Table of contents DECLARATION..................................................................................................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED. APPROVAL ......................................................................................................................ERROR! BOOKMARK NOT DEFINED.... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT HIV/ AIDS is an epidemic that is most prevalent in Uganda affecting people of different age groups, occupations and gender. It has a severe impact on the health status of the affected individuals. With the increase in the transmission of HIV, there is also an increase in the existence of TB as a co-infection. In this context, the aim of... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background: Cervical cancer is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women in the low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) such as Uganda. Cervical cancer is a malignant neoplasm arising from cells originating in the cervical uteri. Cervical screening therefore is a way of preventing cancer by finding and treating early changes... Continue Reading
CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background Mental health is a crucial component of health that has not received appropriate visibility, policy attention and funding for many years, especially in low and middle income countries. In these countries, between 76% and 85% of people with severe mental disorders receive no treatment for these disorders The... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Despite the IUD’s numerous advantages, rates of use remain low in many areas of the world and have even declined recently in some developing countries. Significant factors that adversely affect use of IUD have been described in various areas. This study aimed to establish the factors mitigating use of intrauterine devices among women... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background Cancer of the cervix is the second most common cancer in women worldwide and is a leading cause of cancer-related death in women in underdeveloped countries. Worldwide, approximately 500,000 cases of cervical cancer are diagnosed each year with 80% occurring in developing countries. Objective To assess the awareness and factors... Continue Reading
Abstract Background: Pneumonia is the number one infectious killer of children under age 5 years, killing an estimated 2400 children a day globally and in Uganda, pneumonia is the second leading cause of death among children under the age of five years. The main aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with... Continue Reading
Introduction: Skin lightening is the act of lightening the skin complexion by using substances that are applied on the skin or administered into the body by other means. The use of skin lightening agents has its drawback in terms of causing harmful effects such as skin disorders like depigmentation, rashes, pimples, discolorations, kidney damage,... Continue Reading
Abstract: Self-medication, as one element of self-care, is the selection and use of medicines by individuals to treat self-recognized illnesses or symptoms. It is use of non-prescription medicines by people on the basis of their own initiatives. Although, over the counter drugs are meant for self-medication and are of proven efficacy and safety,... Continue Reading
Abstract Globally and locally in Uganda family planning is promoted to enable individuals and couples to space and limit birth. Family Planning promotion is based on demographics and health concerns and basic human rights, clients may use either artificial Family Planning or Natural Family Planning methods but none is 100% effective. This study... Continue Reading
The study sought to assess the attitudes of healthcare providers in KDH towards providing contraceptives for teenagers in Kiryandongo, as one of the areas to combat teenage pregnancies. Materials and methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 73 healthcare providers in KDH, using self-administered, pretested questionnaires.... Continue Reading
Table of Contents Approval .....................................................................................................................................v Abbreviations And Acronyms ................................................................................................... viii Key... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION............................................................................................................................ i APPROVAL .................................................................................................................................. ii... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ......................................................................................................................... i APPROVAL................................................................................................................................ ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENT... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Uterine fibroid is a benign tumour arising from smooth muscle layer of the uterus. They are the most common benign tumour in females and are typically found during the middle and later reproductive years. While most fibroids are asymptomatic they can grow and cause menorrhagia, abortions and lower abdominal pain. In Africa it... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DEDICATION.................................................................................................................................... III ACKNOWLEDGEMENT...................................................................................................................IV ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................ ii APPROVAL ..................................................................................................................................iii... Continue Reading
Table of Contents: DECLARATION: ............................................................................................................................................... i DEDICATION:................................................................................................................................................. ii... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION....................................................................................................................................... i APPROVAL............................................................................................................................................ iii... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS Declaration…………………………………………………………………… Acknowledgements…………………………………………………………… Table of contents………………………………………………………………. Chapter One 1.1... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. i APPROVAL.................................................................................................................................... ii DEDICATION... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Syphilis in pregnancy has remained a significant reproductive and public health problem globally with high prevalence reported in the resource-poor countries of sub-Saharan Africa. Syphilis pregnant has adverse effects on both the mother, pregnancy, unborn foetus and the child, if at all the pregnancy is carried to term. Other than sexual... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background: Malaria in pregnancy increases the risk of anemia, stillbirths, spontaneous abortion, premature delivery and low birth weight. Despite preventive measures put in place, rates of malaria in pregnancy and poor birth outcomes remain persistently high in many parts of Africa. This study was aimed at determining the prevalence of... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................ ii APPROVAL ..................................................................................................................................iii... Continue Reading
Table of Contents DECLARATION ............................................................................................................................. i DEDICATION...............................................................................................................................iii... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATIONS----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- I APPROVAL-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------II LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENT DECLARATION................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. APPROVAL.......................................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. DEDICATION... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION............................................................................................................................ i APPROVAL .................................................................................................................................. ii... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Hepatitis B, an important public health problem, globally affects 240 million people. Annually, an estimated 650,000 people die from its liver complications. It is endemic in much of the developing world, where 8 – 10% of the population are infected. It has caused epidemics in parts of Asia and Africa. In Africa, 75 million people are... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background Urinary tract infection is one of the most frequently seen medical complications in pregnancy. UTI in pregnancy is an important concern, as it possesses risk of complications such as acute and chronic pyelonephritis, toxemia, anemia, hypertension, intrauterine growth retardation and increased perinatal mortality. The detection... Continue Reading
Table of Content Declaration………………………………………………………………………………….i Table of content………………………………………………………………………..…...ii Dedication……………………………………………………….........................................iv... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT According to UDHS (2011), a considerable proportion of childhood morbidity and mortality caused by vaccine preventable diseases. According to MOH 2011, overall, latest coverage data shows that routine immunization coverage remains at only 52 percent of children age 12-23 months being fully vaccinated. It was a cross sectional discriptive... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION.......................................................................................................................................... i SUPERVISOR’S APPROVAL.................................................................................................................. ii... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATIONS........................................................................................................................... I APPROVAL ................................................................................................................................... II... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS DECLARATION ................................................................................................................................................ i APPROVAL ..................................................................................................................................................... ii DEDICATION... Continue Reading
CHAPTER ONE 1.1 Introduction Antenatal care is one of the priority interventions in reproductive health in Uganda, which significantly contribute to the reduction of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Antenatal care is a planned programmed management of pregnant women directed towards making pregnancy and labour a safe and satisfying... Continue Reading
Abstract HIV/ AIDs is a global problem with estimated 33 million persons infected worldwide in 2007 and with 2.7 million new infections (UNAIDS/Global AIDs epidemic report 2008). 60% of this lives in Sub Saharan Africa. Exposure occur through needle sticks or cuts from other sharp instruments contaminated with an infected patient’s blood or... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Introduction Typhoid fever (TF) continues to be a major public health problem in many developing countries. In Uganda, an outbreak of typhoid fever in Kasese District sickened 8092 persons from 27 December 2007 to 30 July 2009, resulting in at least 249 intestinal perforations and 47 deaths. Objectives The study was aimed at assessing... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background: World over, surgical site infections (SSIs) are one of the most commonly encountered complications after surgery. No study had been done in Jinja regional referral hospital (JRRH) regarding SSIs. Therefore, this study was intended to determine the prevalence and risk factors associated with surgical site infections among... Continue Reading
Abstract A study was conducted in Kampala International University- Teaching Hospital accident and emergency department between July 2013 to October 2013 to assess the awareness and practises of infection prevention amongst health care workers at their work place. The specific objectives of this study were to assess the practices of the staff in... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background: Uganda is still one of the developing countries with high maternal mortality ratio, currently estimated at 336/100,000 live birth. World health organization (WHO) recommends using the partograph to monitor labor and delivery, with the objective to improve health care and reduce maternal and fetal morbidity and death. The... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Diabetes Mellitus affects more than 30 million people worldwide. It is said to be the fourth or fifth leading cause of death in most developed countries, newly industrialized nations and is epidemic in many developing countries. The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence risk factors and complication among patients with... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Topic: Assessment of factors contributing to the prevalence of puerperal sepsis among mothers attending the obstetrics Ward at FortPortal regional referral hospital, western Uganda. Background: Puerperal sepsis is one of the leading causes of preventable maternal morbidity and mortality. It is still ranked as 3rd major cause of maternal... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Title: Assess challenges faced in the labour ward at Narok District Hospital Broad objective: To determine challenges faced in the labour ward at Narok District Hospital. Methodology: A cross sectional study was done at Narok District hospital on staff and women attended to in labour ward. Convenience sampling patients was used with a... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT The objective of the study was to establish factors affecting exclusive breast feeding in Comboni hospital and its catchment’s areas in Uganda. A total of 100 respondents were interviewed randomly and a total of 150 questionnaires issued. The age intervals were ranging from 18-43 years, education levels were between P.5 – P.7 who had... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, employing quantitative method of data collection from adult females of Ishaka. The specific objectives of the study was to assess whether female adults of Ishaka residents have the knowledge of breast self-examination and its importance, to establish whether female residents of Ishaka practice... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT The association of obesity and hypertension has been recognized since the beginning of the 20th century, when BP was first measured in populations. This relationship between body weight and BP was demonstrated prospectively in the Framingham Heart Study in the 1960s (Kannel et al,1967) The nature of the linkage between BP and body weight... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND; A needle stick surgical injury is said to have occurred if a medical practitioner punctures the skin with a needle or sharp instrument that has been in contact with a patient’s blood. Splashing of blood or other body fluids to the conjunctiva is also included. OBJECTIVE; To determine the prevalence of surgical injuries,... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Circumcision is the surgical removal of the foreskin, the fold of skin that covers the head of the penis. The World Health Organization (WHO, 2007), the Joint United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS, 2007), and the Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2008) state that evidence indicates male circumcision significantly... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background: There are over 36.9 million people globally living with HIV/AIDS, 35.4 million people have died from AIDS-related illnesses since the start of the epidemic and Sub-Saharan Africa carries 70% of the global burden of infection. While there has been a gradual increase in the number of HIV/AIDS patients accessing treatment, 33% of... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background: Depression is one of the most prevalent diseases worldwide and a significant cause of morbidity, mortality and disability. In Africa, lack of resources, trained health providers and social stigma associated with the illness has hindered effective care of afflicted individuals. Objectives: The study aimed at establishing... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Growth and development in children is affected by many factors for examplemalnutrition, disease, gestational age at birth, multiple pregnancy, birth spacing, number of siblings, breastfeeding, exposure to alcohol and drugs during pregnancy, genetic disorders, head injuries and prolonged maternal stress. Many children in Uganda are... Continue Reading
ABSTACT Background : It is documented that use of sanitary pads is higher in urban area and the choice of sanitary protection is a personal decision. Good hygienic practices are essential during menstruation and girls need access to clean, absorbent sanitary products and reliable information for good health. The most important reference groups in... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to estimate the general knowledge, attitude and practice of Emergency Contraception (EC) among female students at Kampala International University-Western Campus. METHOD: A questionnaire was constructed to assess knowledge, attitudes and practice of EC. There were 217 female students approached... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................. i DECLARATION ........................................................................................................................... iv APPROVAL... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Neonatal sepsis (NS) is a severe systemic bacterial infection in newborn infants within the first 4 weeks of life. NS claims over 1.5 million infant lives each year, the majority in sub-Saharan Africa and southern Asia. There are two classes of NS: early onset, within the first week of life presumed to be acquired from prenatal and... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Objective: There is currently little information on the acceptability of male circumcision In Uganda, This study investigated the acceptability of male circumcision among Mothers in Kiryandongo district with male children. Design: A cross-sectional survey was conducted among a convenience sample of 100 women attending a reproductive... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Acute diarrhea is defined as the passage of three or more than three loose or watery stool in 24 hours, or passage of one or more bloody stool. Acute diarrhea refers to illness not lasting longer than 14 days. The study was conducted in Jinja Regional Referral Hospital. A total of 306 eligible caregivers of children were selected. The... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background: Mental illness affects many health related outcomes for an HIV positive individual and the prevalence of anxiety, depression and substance abuse is higher among people living with HIV/AIDS than in the general population. Objectives: The objectives of the study were to investigate the factors influencing mental disorders among... Continue Reading
Abstract Each day thousands of healthcare workers (HCWs), around the world, suffer accidental occupational exposures during the course of their role of caring for patients. Occupational exposure to blood or other body fluids in health care settings constitutes significant risk of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and other... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT The study was carried out in Bushenyi-Ishaka municipality. The purpose of this study was to identify factors which influence mother’s choice of delivery site. The respondents were mothers between the ages of 15-49 years with sane minds. There were 100 mothers in the quantitative data. The research showed that among the women that had... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Title: Assess challenges faced in the labour ward at Narok District Hospital Broad objective: To determine challenges faced in the labour ward at Narok District Hospital. Methodology: A cross sectional study was done at Narok District hospital on staff and women attended to in labour ward. Convenience sampling patients was used with a... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT This was a descriptive cross-sectional study, employing quantitative method of data collection from adult females of Ishaka. The specific objectives of the study was to assess whether female adults of Ishaka residents have the knowledge of breast self-examination and its importance, to establish whether female residents of Ishaka practice... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT The aim of the study was to establish the prevalence and impact of Tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in Bushenyi district; using a case study of HIV clinic at Kampala International University, Teaching Hospital. The specific objectives of the study were to establish the prevalence of Tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in Bushenyi... Continue Reading
This was a cross sectional descriptive study carried out to determine the factors leading to under utilization of modern contraceptive a mong women attending antenatal clinic in KIU-TH, Ishaka, Bushenyi district in South-Western Uganda. The specific objectives of the study was to determine the knowledge of mothers in child bearing age on... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT BACKGROUND: Peptic ulcer disease remains a relatively common disease and importantly a common cause of hospital admission both in developed and developing countries. Although most developed countries have achieved H. pylori eradication but still have new and recurrent cases which is attributed majorly to increase utilization of NSAIDs... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Background Infertility is a major medical condition that affects many married couples in Africa and the world at large, as such associated with several social meanings. This study therefore explored the causes of infertility amongst women of childbearing age in Nigeria using the West Region as a case study. Scope of study This study... Continue Reading
TABLE OF CONTENTS TITLE PAGE ............................................................................................................................. i DECLARATION PAGE..............................................................................................................ii CERTIFICATION PAGE BY... Continue Reading
INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and the spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. Ginsberg, (2012). The most common symptoms are fever, headache, and neck stiffness (CDC. 2014). Other symptoms include confusion or altered consciousness, vomiting, and... Continue Reading
Background: Normal and abnormal development of anorectum is still under debate. Etiology of abnormal development of anorectum is poorly understood. Caffeine is a vasoconstrictor that has been implicated in abnormal anorectal development and is a major constituent of Kola nut (Cola nitida). It is consumed heavily by pregnant women in Nigeria to... Continue Reading
INTRODUCTION 1.1 Background to the Study Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and the spinal cord, known collectively as the meninges. Ginsberg, (2012). The most common symptoms are fever, headache, and neck stiffness (CDC. 2014). Other symptoms include confusion or altered consciousness, vomiting, and... Continue Reading
1.0. INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW OR BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY Pre-eclampsia is defined as hypertension accompanied by proteinuria, usually occurs during the second half of pregnancy and causes complications in 20-80% of pregnancies. It is a hypertensive disorder occurring usually often 20 weeks of gestation. Pre-eclampsia and eclampsia are not distinct... Continue Reading
ABSTRACT Pregnancy is associated with significant physiologic and anatomic changes which occur at different rates throughout the body to provide a good upshot for both mother and foetus. This study aimed at determining the changes in the blood glucose levels in the three trimeers of pregnancy and assessing the changes in the urine constituents... Continue Reading
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION OVERVIEW Rapid changes in demography and social and economic development play an important role in the emergence of noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) as a public health problem.1 The growing burden of NCDs represents a major challenge, not only for developed countries but also for developing countries. The risk factors... Continue Reading