TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION
APPROVAL
DEDICATION Ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
DEFINITION OF TERMS
LIST OF TABLES ix
LIST OF FIGURES
ABSTRACT
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION 1
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background 1
1.1.1 Theoretical framework 2
1.2 Statement of the problem 3
1.3 Purpose of the Study 3
1.3.1. Specific objectives 3
1.4 Research questions 4
1.5 Scope of the study 4
Content scope 4
Geography scope 4
Time scope 4
1.6 Significance of the study 5
CHAPTER TWO 6
LITERATURE REVIEW 6
2.0 Introduction 6
2.1 Prevalence of children living under low and difficult economic social status in Ntungamo
district 7
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2.2 Kinds and effects of difficult socio-economic status facing learners in Ntungamo district... 8
2.2.1 Traumatized children 8
2.2.2 Abused and Neglected children 8
2.2.3 Child lab our / working children g
2.2.4 Orphaned Children 9
2.2.5 Children affected and/or infected by HIV/AIDS 10
2.2.6 Children from deprived or Rich families 10
2.3 Factors leading to low / difficult living status / conditions 11
2.3.1 Economic Factors 11
2.3.2 Cultural factors 12
2.3.3 Natural Calamity 13
2.3.4 Political instability (insecurity) 13
CHAPTER THREE 14
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 14
3.0 Introduction 14
3.1 Research approach 14
3.2 Research design 14
3.3 Target population 14
3.4 Sample 14
3.5 Sampling Procedure 15
3.6 Research Instruments / Tools 15
3.7 Reliability and validity of instruments is
3.8 Data collection techniques / procedure 15
3.9 Data Analysis 16
3.10 Sources of data 16
3.10.1 Primary Data 16
3.10.2 Secondary data 16
3.11 Ethical Considerations 16
3.12 Limitations 17
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CHAPTER FOUR .18
DATA PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS AND INTERpRETATION 18
4.0 Introduction 18
4.1 Profile of the respondents 18
4.2 The findings on the prevalence of students living under difficult circumstances 21
4.3 The findings on the nature of difficult circumstance and their effects on the education of
learners 23
4.4 The findings on factors leading to difficult conditions 23
4.5 The findings on how to determine and evaluate management measures for students living
under difficult circumstances 26
CHAPTER FIVE 28
DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS 28
5.0 Introduction 28
5.1 Discussion: 28
5.2 Summary 29
5.3 Conclusion 30
5.4 Recommendations 30
5.5 Suggestions for further studies 31
REFERENCES 32
APPENDICES
APPENDIX I: TRANSMISSION LETTERS TO THE HEAD TEACHERS 33
APPENDIX II A: QUESTIONNAIRE: FOR TEACHERS 34
APPENDIX II B: QUESTIONNAIRES FOR THE LEARNERS 37
ABSTRACT A qualitative and quantitative study was conducted in selected secondary schools, in Ntungamo Town Cound4 to investigate the influence of sodo-economic variables on secondary school students’ educational attainment. The following objectives were formulated to guide the study To find out the prevalence of students Iivirig under difficult circumstances. to examine the nature of difficult circumstance and their effects on the education of learners, and to in vestigate all the possible socio economic factors leading to difficult llving conditions. Seventy (70) respondents were randomly selected to partic4~ate in the investiqation. The researcher used questionnaires as the instruments for collecting data. Findings reveal that The nature of such low socio economic status and their reIationshi~ education are as a result of extreme poverty where in most schools. Over 80% of the children do not meet the requirements of proper diet, clothing and shelter, some students were not able to pay for or finance a school education, they were in fact experiendng financial problems which were consequently impeding educatIonal success. Students also worked for too many hours at a job to keep up with class assignments yet they were llmited in finances can afford proper /Iqhting fuels such as gas. Students Lacked parental support especially those whose parents didn’t go to school themselves. There are many factors that cause those conditions llke students who are orphans, students affected by HIV/AIDS, child labour, abused and neglected students, traumati~ed and deprived/rich families. Some other factors indudes; i/literacy and iqnorance among the parents, natural calamity, aridity or prolonged drought, insecurity~ floods. The following were recommended The management of such students llving under such status includes: sensitL?ing the entire school community, Guidance and counsellng sessions to their attitudes, educate on how to use resources, good communication methods and parental involvement both at school and at home. The government through the ministry of education and other stakeholders should provide educational materials in different forms that is to say teaching, compensatory and assertive materials.