ABSTRACT
Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) bottles are plastic bottles derived from the raw material known as polyethylene terephthalate). The PET bottles are widely used for packaging carbonated drinks, beverages, food items, mineral water. Due to high consumption of PET bottles, trillions of PET bottles are disposed every year through, land filling, incineration, and ocean dumping; thus, creating nuisance and causing problem to the environment. This work aims to find an environmentally friendly method for waste PET bottles for the University of Lagos.
A comparative life cycle assessment (LCA) for waste PET bottles was evaluated for the production of Fiber from waste PET bottles, production of PET resin from waste PET bottles and landfilling of waste PET bottles.
The LCA results shows that the production of fiber from waste PET bottles is the most environmental friendly option over the production of PET resin from waste PET bottle and Landfilling of waste PET bottles. This is because the emission of gases is not strongly felt for the production of fiber; whereas, the emission of gases for the production of PET resin is strongly felt which causes higher impact to the environment while in Landfilling of waste PET bottles takes time for the PET bottles to photo-degrade creating nuisance to the environment by occupying large area of lands.
CONTENTS
CERTIFICATION ii
LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT iv
ABSTRACT v
CONTENTS vi
LIST OF FIGURES viii
LIST OF TABLES ix
CHAPTER ONE INTRODUCTION 1
1.1 Background of Study 1
1.2 Aims and Objectives 5
1.3 Scope of Study 5
CHAPTER TWO LITERATURE REVIEW ON MANAGEMENT METHODS FOR WASTE PET BOTTLES 6
2.1 Introduction 6
2.2 Various uses of waste pet bottles. 6
2.2.1 Sculpture 6
2.2.2 Fiber Production 9
2.2.3 PET Resin Production. 14
2.2.4 Synthetic gas production (gasification) 18
CHAPTER THREE LIFE CYCLE ANALYSIS 21
3.1 Introducton 21
3.2 Goal and Scoping 21
3.3 Life cycle Inventory analysis 21
3.3.1 Data Gathering 23
3.4 Life cycle Impact Assessment 26
3.4.1 Life cycle Impact Assessment on recycled fiber from PET bottles 28
3.4.2 Life cycle Impact Assessment on recycled PET resin from PET bottles 29
3.4.3 Environmental problems in Landfilling of PET bottles 30
3.5 Interpretation of Life cycle Impact Assessment 31
CHAPTER FOUR IMPLEMENTATION OF PET WASTE TO WEALTH SCHEME FOR THE UNIVERSITY OF LAGOS 33
4.1 Introduction 33
4.2 Gathering Strategy 33
4.3 Collection of waste PET bottles 34
4.4 Site Selection 34
CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 33
5.1 Conclusion 33
REFERENCES 35
APPENDIXES 38