ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF Bacillus spp RECOVERED FROM THE HANDS OF APPARENTLY HEALTHY FEMALE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY, ILE-IFE.

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ABSTRACT

The human hands harbour microorganisms both as part of a person’s normal microbial flora as well as transient microbes acquired from the environment. This study was carried out to isolate and identify Bacillus spp that are associated with the hands of apparently healthy female undergraduate students in Obafemi Awolowo University. The samples were collected using sterile swab sticks dampened into sterile 0.85% normal saline and processed immediately in the laboratory. The isolates were sub-cultured on sterile nutrient agar plates and this process was repeated until pure colonies were obtained and observed for morphological characteristics. The isolates were subjected to various biochemical tests and results were interpreted using Bergey’s Manual of Determinative Bacteriology and antibiotic susceptibility testing was carried out using agar disc diffusion method on Mueller Hinton agar, incubated at 37oC for 24 hours.

A total of 20 samples were collected and Bacillus spp was found to be 60%. Bacillus spp was 100% susceptible to Streptomycin, Pefloxacin, Ciprofloxacin and Gentamycin while they were 50% resistant to Amoxicillin and Ampiclox. Bacillus spp isolated showed 50% multiple antibiotic resistance to Amoxicillin, Ampiclox and Cefuroxime.

The study concluded that Bacillus spp abound in the hands of the students; as such proper hand hygiene should be practiced regularly. 



Title                                                                                                                                                 I

Certification                                                                                                                                   II

Dedication                                                                                                                                    III

Acknowledgements                                                                                                                     IV

Table of contents                                                                                                                           V

List of tables                                                                                                                                 IX

Abstract                                                                                                                                          X

CHAPTER ONE

     1.0 Introduction                                                                                                                           1

    1.1 Main objectives of the study                                                                                                 3

    1.2 Literature review                                                                                                                   4

          1.2.1 The skin                                                                                                                        4

           1.2.2 The Hand                                                                                                                      5

   1.2.2.1 The physical conditions of the human hands                                                       8

      a. Temperature                                                                                                               8

                  b.  pH                                                                                                                              8

                   c.  Moisture                                                                                                                   8 

    1.2.2.2 Different Conditions of the Hand                                                                        9

         a. Unwashed Hands                                                                                                   9

         b.  Rinsed Hands                                                                                                      10

         c.  Washed Hands                                                                                                    10

         d. Sanitized Hands                                                                                                   10

      1.2.2.3 Factors that influence the hand microbiome composition                           10

      1.2.2.4 Transmission                                                                                                   11

       1.2.3 Antibiotic susceptibility testing                                                                          14

CHAPTER TWO

     2.0 Materials and Methods                                                                                                       16

     2.1 Materials                                                                                                                              16

     2.2Methods                                                                                                                                16

2.2.1 Sterilization of Materials                                                                                            16

2.2.2 Preparation of Media                                                                                                 17

2.2.3 Study location                                                                                                            17

2.2.4   Isolation of colonies                                                                                                 17

2.2.5   Identification of isolates                                                                                           17

2.2.6   Cultural characteristics of isolates                                                                           18

2.2.7   Morphological characteristics of isolates                                                                18

          2.2.7.1   Preparation of smear                                                                                   18

2.2.8   Biochemical Identification of the Isolate                                                                 17

CHAPTER THREE                                                                                                                         

      3.0 Results                                                                                                                                 21

      3.1 Morphological characteristics of bacteria isolates                                                      21

      3.2 Identification of bacteria isolates                                                                                    21

      3.3 Antibiotics susceptibility profile of the bacteria                                                           21   

      3.4 Antibiotics susceptibility pattern of the bacteria                                                           21

      3.5 Multiple Antibiotics resistance pattern of the bacteria                                                 21

CHAPTER FOUR                                                                                                                           

     4.0 Discussion conclusion and recommendation                                                              28

     4.1   Discussion                                                                                                                   28-29

     4.2 Conclusion                                                                                                                        30

     4.3   Recommendation                                                                                                            30

REFERENCE                                                                                                                              31

APPENDIX 1                                                                                                                              37

INTERPRETATION OF THE ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY RESULT ACCORDING TO CLSI STANDARD (2006) FOR GRAM POSITIVE ORGANISMS

ISOLATION, IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY OF Bacillus spp RECOVERED FROM THE HANDS OF APPARENTLY HEALTHY FEMALE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS OF OBAFEMI AWOLOWO UNIVERSITY, ILE-IFE.
For more Info, call us on
+234 8130 686 500
or
+234 8093 423 853

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  • Type: Project
  • Department: Microbiology
  • Project ID: MCB0356
  • Access Fee: ₦5,000 ($14)
  • Pages: 41 Pages
  • Format: Microsoft Word
  • Views: 166

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