TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION ...................................................................................................... ii
DEDICATION ......................................................................................................... iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ....................................................................................... iv
LIST OF TABLES ................................................................................................... vi
LIST OF FIGURES ................................................................................................ vii
TABLE OF CONTENTS ...................................................................................... viii
ABSTRACT ............................................................................................................ xi
CHAPTER ONE:INTRODUCTION ....................................................................... !
1.1 Background of the study: .................................................................................... !
1.2 Statement of the problem .................................................................................... 2
1.3 Purpose of the study ........................................................................................... 3
1.4 Specific objectives .............................................................................................. 3
1.5 Research Questions ............................................................................................. 3
1.6 scope of the study ............................................................................................... 3
1.7 Significance of the study .................................................................................... 4
CHAPTER TWO:LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................... 5
2.0 Introduction ........................................................................................................ 5
2.1 Challenges to the implementation ofUPE program ........................................... 5
2.1.1 The Universal Primary Education Policy and its Implementation .................. 5
2.1.2 Challenges facing UPE .................................................................................... 7
2.2 Effects of the method of teaching on leaming .................................................. lO
2.3 Teacher pupil ratio and its effect on leaming ................................................... ll
3 .2.1 Current Efforts ............................................................................................... 12
viii
CHAPTER THREE:METHODOLOGY ................................................................ 16
3.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 16
3.1 Researchdesign ................................................................................................ l6
3.2 Area of the study ............................................................................................... l6
3.3 Study population ............................................................................................... l6
3.4 Sampling procedure .......................................................................................... 17
3.5 Research instruments ........................................................................................ l7
3.5.1 Questionnaire ................................................................................................. l7
3.5.2 Interview ........................................................................................................ 17
3.5.3 Observation .................................................................................................... IS
3.6 Ethical consideration ........................................................................................ 18
CHAPTER FOUR:PRESENTATION, ANALYSIS, AND INTERPRETATION
OF FINDINGS ....................................................................................................... 19
4.0 Introduction ...................................................................................................... 19
4.1 Social-demographic background ...................................................................... 19
4.1.1 Age of respondents ........................................................................................ 19
4.1.2 Sex ofrespondents ......................................................................................... 20
4.2 Obstacles hindering the implementation ofUPE program ............................... 20
4.2.1 Key perpetrators in hindering the implementation of the program ............... 22
4.3 Methods of teaching on learning ...................................................................... 23
4.4 Teacher pupil ratio on pupils learning .............................................................. 24
CHAPTER FIVE:_SUMMARIES, CONCLUSIONS, AND
RECOMMENDATIONS ........................................................................................ 26
5.1 Summary of findings ........................................................................................ 26
5.2 Conclusion ........................................................................................................ 26
5.3 Recommendations ............................................................................................ 27
ix
BIBLIOGRAPHY .................................................................................................. 28
APPENDIX A: Time frame for the study .............................................................. 30
APPENDIX B: Budget for the study ...................................................................... 31
APPENDIX C: Questionnaire for head teachers .................................................... 32
APPENDIX D: Questionnaire for teachers ............................................................ 34
APPENDIX E: Questionnaire for pupils ................................................................ 36
APPENDIX F: Interview guide to focus groups .................................................... 38
ABSTRACT This research aimed at finding facts about Universal Primary Education (UPE) particularly addressing the challenges of UPE in the reduction of illiteracy. The objectives of the research were; to establish the obstacles that were hindering the implementation ofUPE program in Irongo Sub County, To establish the effects of the method of teaching on learning, and To find out teacher pupil ratio and its effect on learning. The research composed 150 respondents fi·om six primary schools in Luuka District. Questionnaires were used to both teachers and Head Teachers of those particular schools. Interviews schedules were organized by the researcher where teachers were involved and pupils were also interviewed. Pupils were selected by the researcher to really find out through observation whether pupils under UPE program were achieving the need full The findings were among others neglect of parents in the implementation of the program, late release of UPE funds, poor infrastructure in form of class rooms, high inadequate staff that can effectively implement the program, lack of lunch for pupils and teachers.